Toxicological data generated for Apis mellifera honey bees and an ectoparasitic mite (Varroa destructor) in laboratory toxicity trials are presented. Data were generated over a four-year period by members of the Varroacide Research and Testing Team (VRTT) as part of a foundational grant from the Foundation for Food and Agricultural Research (FFAR). Data may be used to explore toxicological responses of honey bees and Varroa mites to a wide range of natural and synthetic chemical treatments against Varroa infestations in honey bee colonies. Data may be collected and analyzed together with other data sets not generated by VRTT.