The Baylor College of Medicine recently sequenced and annotated the Onthophagus taurus genome as part of the i5k pilot project.

This dataset presents the Onthophagus taurus genome v1.0. This assembly version is the pre-release version, prior to filtering and quality control by the National Center for Biotechnology Information's GenBank resource: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/GCA_000648695.1/. Assembly method details will be available in a forthcoming publication.

The dung beetle genus Onthophagus comprises with over 2,400 extant species the most speciose genus within the animal kingdom. O. taurus itself is the most studied dung beetle and a focal taxon for studies in evolutionary ecology, evolutionary genetics, behavioral ecology, evo-devo and developmental genetics.

Like many species within the genus it features extreme secondary sexual traits (horns) and extreme sexual dimorphism (cued by sex-specific development). At the same time this species possesses an equally remarkable (and representative) male dimorphism (cued entirely by larval nutrition) in which large males express huge horns which they use as weapons in male combat, whereas small males remain hornless, non-aggressive, and instead invest into enlarged testes and ejaculates.

Onthophagus beetles are emerging as a model system in evodevo and ecodevo, in particular with respect to the evolutionary developmental genetics of plasticity, pattern formation, trait integration, and growth regulation. Extensive transcriptomic data already exist for this as well as other species, alongside a growing number of functional studies using larval RNAi-mediated transcript depletion, which works easily and routinely across diverse species within the genus.

If you wish to use this dataset, please follow the Baylor College of Medicine's conditions for data use: https://www.hgsc.bcm.edu/bcm-hgsc-conditions-use