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Comparison of methods to detect low levels of Salmonella enterica in surface waters to support antimicrobial resistance surveillance efforts performed in multiple laboratories

    Identifying and developing effective and sensitive detection methods for antimicrobial resistant Salmonella enterica from surface water is a goal of the U.S. National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS). No specific microbiological methods used in surveillance efforts for Salmonella enterica or antimicrobial resistant S. enterica in water have been standardized or reported in the U.S. Here we describe a multi-laboratory evaluation of four methods, bulk water enrichment (BW), vertical Modified Moore Swab (VMMS), modified Standard Method 9260.B3 (SM), and dead-end ultrafiltration (DEUF), to recover S. enterica from surface water.

    Evapotranspiration, Irrigation, Dew/frost - Water Balance Data for The Bushland, Texas Soybean Datasets

      This dataset consist of 15-minute and daily amounts of evapotranspiration (ET), dew/frost fall, precipitation (rain/snow), irrigation, scale counterweight adjustment, and emptying of drainage tanks, all in mm. The values are the result of a rigorous quality control process involving algorithms for detecting dew/frost accumulations, and precipitation (rain and snow). Changes in lysimeter mass due to emptying of drainage tanks, counterweight adjustment, maintenance activity, and harvest are accounted for such that ET values are minimally affected. Data are for soybean [*Glycine max* (L.) Merr.] grown at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU), Bushland, Texas (Lat. 35.186714°, Long. -102.094189°, elevation 1170 m above MSL) in 1995, 2003, 2004, 2010 and 2019 on large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.44 ha square field.

      Weighing Lysimeter Data for The Bushland, Texas, Soybean Datasets

        This dataset consists of five years of weighing lysimeter data for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grown at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU), Bushland, Texas (Lat. 35.186714°, Long. -102.094189°, elevation 1170 m above MSL) in 1995, 2003, 2004, 2010 and 2019. In 1995, 2003, 2004, and 2010, soybean was grown on two large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.44 ha square field. In 2019, soybean was grown on four large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.4-ha square field. The datasets for individual season years consist of soil water content, weather, crop growth and yield, agronomic calendar, water balance (evapotranspiration, precipitation, dew/frost, irrigation), and lysimeter energy and water balance data. This particular dataset contains lysimeter soil water storage and drainage data, and data from in-soil and above-soil sensors. Properties sensed included wind speed, air temperature and relative humidity, components of the radiation balance (e.g., net radiation, incoming and reflected shortwave, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), incoming and reflected longwave, thermal infrared emitted by the plant/soil surface), soil heat flux, soil temperature, and soil volumetric water content at certain depths. Not all properties were always sensed in any one year.

        Agronomic Calendars for the Bushland, Texas Soybean Datasets

          This dataset consists of agronomic calendars for five seasons of soybean [*Glycine max* (L.) Merr.] grown for seed at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU), Bushland, Texas (Lat. 35.186714°, Long. -102.094189°, elevation 1170 m above MSL) in 1994, 2003, 2004, 2010 and 2019. In 1995, 2003, 2004, and 2010, soybean was grown on two large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.44 ha square field. In 2019, soybean was grown on four large, precision weighing lysimeters and their surrounding 4.44 ha square fields. The entire datasets for individual season years consist of soil water content, weather, crop growth and yield, agronomic calendar, water balance (evapotranspiration, precipitation, dew/frost, irrigation), and lysimeter energy and water balance data.

          Growth and Yield Data for the Bushland, Texas, Soybean Datasets

            This dataset consists of growth and yield data for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grown for seed at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU), Bushland, Texas (Lat. 35.186714°, Long. -102.094189°, elevation 1170 m above MSL) in 1995, 2003, 2004, 2010 and 2019. In the 1995, 2003, 2004, and 2010 seasons, soybean was grown on two large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.44 ha square field. In 2019, soybean was grown on four large, precision weighing lysimeters and their surrounding and contiguous 4.4 ha square fields. The entire datasets for individual season years consist of soil water content, weather, crop growth and yield, agronomic calendar, water balance (evapotranspiration, precipitation, dew/frost, irrigation), and lysimeter energy and water balance data. This dataset focuses on the soybean growth and yield data.

            The Bushland, Texas Soybean Datasets

              This parent dataset links to five seasons of datasets on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grown for seed at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU), Bushland, Texas (Lat. 35.186714°, Long. -102.094189°, elevation 1170 m above MSL) in 1995, 2003, 2004, 2010, and 2019. In 1995, 2003, 2004, and 2010, soybean was grown on two large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.44 ha square field. In 2019, soybean was grown on four large, precision weighing lysimeters and on the 4.44 ha square fields surrounding each lysimeter. The datasets for individual season years consist of soil water content, weather, crop growth and yield, agronomic calendar, water balance (evapotranspiration, precipitation, dew/frost, irrigation), and lysimeter energy and water balance data.

              The Bushland, Texas Sunflower Datasets

                This parent dataset links to two seasons of datasets on sunflower grown for seed at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU), Bushland, Texas (Lat. 35.186714°, Long. -102.094189°, elevation 1170 m above MSL) in 2009, and 2011. Sunflower was grown on two large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.44 ha square field. The datasets for individual season years consist of soil water content, weather, crop growth and yield, agronomic calendar, water balance (evapotranspiration, precipitation, dew/frost, irrigation), and lysimeter energy and water balance data.

                Growth and Yield Data for the Bushland, Texas, Sunflower Datasets

                  This dataset consists of growth and yield data for sunflower (*Helianthus annuus* L.) grown for seed at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU), Bushland, Texas (Lat. 35.186714°, Long. -102.094189°, elevation 1170 m above MSL) in 2009 and 2011. In each season, sunflower was grown on two large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.44 ha square field. The entire datasets for individual season years consist of soil water content, weather, crop growth and yield, agronomic calendar, water balance (evapotranspiration, precipitation, dew/frost, irrigation), and lysimeter energy and water balance data. This dataset focuses on the sunflower growth and yield data.

                  Agronomic Calendars for the Bushland, Texas Sunflower Datasets

                    This dataset consists of agronomic calendars for two seasons of sunflower (*Helianthus annuus* L.) grown for seed at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU), Bushland, Texas (Lat. 35.186714°, Long. -102.094189°, elevation 1170 m above MSL) in 2009 and 2011. Sunflower was grown on two large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.44 ha square field. The entire datasets for individual season years consist of soil water content, weather, crop growth and yield, agronomic calendar, water balance (evapotranspiration, precipitation, dew/frost, irrigation), and lysimeter energy and water balance data.

                    Weighing Lysimeter Data for The Bushland, Texas Sunflower Datasets

                      This dataset consists of two years of weighing lysimeter data for sunflower grown at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU), Bushland, Texas (Lat. 35.186714°, Long. -102.094189°, elevation 1170 m above MSL) in 2009 and 2011. Sunflower was grown on two large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.44 ha square field. The datasets for individual season years consist of soil water content, weather, crop growth and yield, agronomic calendar, water balance (evapotranspiration, precipitation, dew/frost, irrigation), and lysimeter energy and water balance data. This particular dataset contains lysimeter soil water storage and drainage data, and data from in-soil and above-soil sensors. Properties sensed included wind speed, air temperature and relative humidity, components of the radiation balance (e.g., net radiation, incoming and reflected shortwave, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), incoming and reflected longwave, thermal infrared emitted by the plant/soil surface), soil heat flux, soil temperature, and soil volumetric water content at certain depths. Not all properties were always sensed in any one year.