The periderm (skin) and stele (flesh) of sweet potato storage roots were measured using a Konica Minolta Chroma Meter, and data were recorded using the CIE 1976 L*a*b* and CIE L*C*h* color spaces. Data parameters presented are lightness (L*), red-green coordinate (a*), yellow-blue coordinate (b*), color intensity or chroma (C*), and hue angle (H*). Also included in this data set are percentage dry matter and root densities as these data are correlated to color values.