This data supports the manuscript "Integrating classical genetics with chromosome-scale genome assembly to characterize a genetic sexing system in Bactrocera cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae)". The melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae, is a destructive agricultural pest and is the subject of strict quarantines that are enforced to prevent its establishment outside of its current geographic range. In addition to quarantine efforts, additional control measures are necessary for its eradication in the case of invasion to agriculturally rich areas. The sterile insect technique (SIT) has been effective in the control of several invertebrate pest species, and is part of a management strategy that regulatory agencies would like to expand to other important pests such as the melon fly.