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Data from: Interseeded cover crop mixtures influence soil water storage during the corn phase of corn-soybean-wheat no-till cropping systems

    This study was initiated to evaluate, during the following corn (*Zea mays* L.) phase, the effects of interseeded cover crops on soil temperature, soil water balances, evapotranspiration, infiltration, and yield and water use efficiency of corn. The study was conducted at the USDA Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD from 2017 through 2020. The cropping systems under study were primarily sequences of corn-soybean (*Glycine max* L.)-wheat (*Triticum aestivum* L.)-double crop soybean all planted with no-tillage management.

    Evapotranspiration, Irrigation, Dew/frost - Water Balance Data for The Bushland, Texas Winter Wheat Datasets

      This dataset consist of 15-minute and daily amounts of evapotranspiration (ET), dew/frost fall, precipitation (rain/snow), irrigation, scale counterweight adjustment, and emptying of drainage tanks, all in mm. The values are the result of a rigorous quality control process involving algorithms for detecting dew/frost accumulations, and precipitation (rain and snow). Changes in lysimeter mass due to emptying of drainage tanks, counterweight adjustment, maintenance activity, and harvest are accounted for such that ET values are minimally affected. Data are for winter wheat grown at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU), Bushland, Texas (Lat. 35.186714°, Long. -102.094189°, elevation 1170 m above MSL) in the 1989-1990, 1991-1992, and 1992-1993 seasons. Winter wheat was grown on two large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.44 ha square field.

      Weighing Lysimeter Data for The Bushland, Texas Winter Wheat Datasets

        This dataset consists of six years of weighing lysimeter data for winter wheat grown at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU), Bushland, Texas (Lat. 35.186714°, Long. -102.094189°, elevation 1170 m above MSL) in the 1989-1990, 1991-1992, and 1992-1993 seasons. Winter wheat was grown on two large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.44 ha square field. The datasets for individual season years consist of soil water content, weather, crop growth and yield, agronomic calendar, water balance (evapotranspiration, precipitation, dew/frost, irrigation), and lysimeter energy and water balance data. This particular dataset contains lysimeter soil water storage and drainage data, and data from in-soil and above-soil sensors. Properties sensed included wind speed, air temperature and relative humidity, components of the radiation balance (e.g., net radiation, incoming and reflected shortwave, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), incoming and reflected longwave, thermal infrared emitted by the plant/soil surface), soil heat flux, soil temperature, and soil volumetric water content at certain depths. Not all properties were always sensed in any one year.

        Agronomic Calendars for the Bushland, Texas Winter Wheat Datasets

          This dataset consists of agronomic calendars for three seasons of winter wheat (*Triticum aestivum* L.) grown for grain at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU), Bushland, Texas (Lat. 35.186714°, Long. -102.094189°, elevation 1170 m above MSL) for 1989-1990, 1991-1992, and 1992-1993. Winter wheat was grown on two large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.44 ha square field. The entire datasets for individual season years consist of soil water content, weather, crop growth and yield, agronomic calendar, water balance (evapotranspiration, precipitation, dew/frost, irrigation), and lysimeter energy and water balance data.

          Growth and Yield Data for the Bushland, Texas, Winter Wheat Datasets

            This dataset consists of growth and yield data for winter wheat (*Triticum aestivum* L.) grown for grain at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU), Bushland, Texas (Lat. 35.186714°, Long. -102.094189°, elevation 1170 m above MSL) in the 1989-1990, 1991-1992, and 1992-1993 seasons. In each season, winter wheat was grown on two large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.44 ha square field. The entire datasets for individual season years consist of soil water content, weather, crop growth and yield, agronomic calendar, water balance (evapotranspiration, precipitation, dew/frost, irrigation), and lysimeter energy and water balance data. This dataset focuses on the winter wheat growth and yield data.

            The Bushland, Texas, Winter Wheat Datasets

              This parent dataset links to three seasons of datasets on winter wheat grown for grain at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU), Bushland, Texas (Lat. 35.186714°, Long. -102.094189°, elevation 1170 m above MSL) in 1989-90, 1991-92, and 1992-93. Winter wheat was grown on two large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.44 ha square field. The datasets for individual years consist of soil water content, weather, crop growth and yield, agronomic calendar, water balance (evapotranspiration, precipitation, dew/frost, irrigation), and lysimeter energy and water balance data. Additional resources provide metadata on conventions, symbols used, geographic coordinates of fields, lysimeters and weather stations, and soil properties.

              Legacy Phosphorus and Potassium Correlation Experiments: Qulin, Missouri

                Correlation experiments for P and K were conducted from 1968-1973 at a research farm in Qulin, Missouri to better define the relationships between soil tests, crop yields, and fertilizer treatments. Three crop rotations each were conducted for P and K trials (ranges C, D, E, F, G, and H), and included corn, soybean, wheat, cotton, and sorghum.